🚀 100+ Irrigation Engineering MCQ Questions & Answers FOR BTSC AND SSC JE | Civil Engineering Exam Preparation

🚀 100+ Irrigation Engineering MCQ Questions & Answers FOR BTSC AND SSC JE | Civil Engineering Exam Preparation

part - 3

 

Irrigation Engineering MCQ Questions & Answers | Civil Engineering (Part-1)

📘 Important MCQs for SSC JE, GATE, Diploma Civil Engineering & Competitive Exams

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Q41. For the design of major hydraulic structures on canals, the generally preferred method is:

A. Bligh's theory
B. Electrical analogy method
C. Relaxation method
D. Khosla's method of independent variables

✅ Answer: D) Khosla's method of independent variables

💡 Explanation: Khosla's method provides more accurate seepage analysis and is widely used for hydraulic structures.

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Q42. Pick up the incorrect statement from the following:

A. In free flooding irrigation, water is admitted at one corner and spreads over the entire field
B. In check method, the field is divided into smaller compartments
C. In furrow irrigation, water flows between rows of plants
D. None of these

✅ Answer: D) None of these

💡 Explanation: All statements are correct irrigation methods.

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Q43. Pick up the incorrect statement regarding a Venturi Head Flume:

A. Side walls are splayed out from throat end at 1:10 for 4.5 m
B. Width of flume is equal to 2/3 of distributary bed width
C. Splayed walls are increased to 1:3 to obtain full bed width
D. None of these

✅ Answer: D) None of these

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Q44. Irrigation canals are generally aligned along:

A. Ridge line
B. Contour line
C. Valley line
D. Straight line

✅ Answer: A) Ridge line

💡 Explanation: Ridge alignment minimizes cross drainage works.

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Q45. In a canal syphon, the flow is:

A. Under atmospheric pressure
B. Pipe flow
C. With critical velocity
D. Under negative pressure

✅ Answer: B) Pipe flow

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Q46. Pick up the correct statement:

A. Approach line should not be steeper than 22.5°
B. Departure line should not be steeper than 30°
C. Approach line should not be steeper than 30° and departure not steeper than 22.5°
D. Both should not exceed 22.5°

✅ Answer: C) Approach line should not be steeper than 30° and departure line not steeper than 22.5°

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Q47. The main function of diversion head works of a canal from a river is:

A. To remove silt
B. To control floods
C. To store water
D. To raise water level

✅ Answer: D) To raise water level

💡 Explanation: Diversion head works raise river water level so that water can enter the canal system.

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📌 Continue Reading: Irrigation Engineering MCQ Questions & Answers Part-2

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Irrigation Engineering MCQ Questions & Answers | Civil Engineering (Part-2)

Q48. Pick up the correct statement from the following:

A. The full supply level of a canal should be above ground level
B. According to Lacey, regime conditions require a particular slope for a given discharge and silt factor
C. In case the ground slope is less than the required bed slope, the silt factor must be reduced by permitting the entry of coarse silt
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

💡 Explanation: All the statements are valid under canal design principles.

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Q49. If d₁ is the depth of cutting and d₂ is the height of the bank from bed level, the horizontal distance between bed and bank is:

A. x = r₁d₁
B. x = r₂d₂
C. x = d₁/r₁
D. x = d₂/r₂

✅ Answer: B) x = r₂d₂

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Q50. According to Kennedy, silt transporting power is proportional to:

A. V₀¹/²
B. V₀³/²
C. V₀⁵/²
D. V₀⁷/²

✅ Answer: C) V₀⁵/²

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Q51. Regime conditions in a channel may occur if:

A. Discharge is constant
B. Channel flows uniformly in incoherent alluvium
C. Silt grade and charge are constant
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

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Q52. A river is said to be:

A. Aggrading type
B. Degrading type
C. Meandering type
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

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Q53. The ratio of rate of change of discharge of an outlet and parent channel is called:

A. Efficiency
B. Sensitivity
C. Flexibility
D. Modular limit

✅ Answer: C) Flexibility

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Q54. The width of a dowla is generally kept between:

A. 10–20 cm
B. 20–30 cm
C. 30–60 cm
D. 60–90 cm

✅ Answer: C) 30–60 cm

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Q55. Pick up the correct statement:

A. Water table follows ground surface
B. Static water level indicates water table
C. Hydrostatic pressure at water table is zero
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

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Q56. Lacey's equation for calculating flood discharge:

A. V = 10.8R¹/²S¹/²
B. V = 10.8R²/³S¹/²
C. V = 10.8R²/³S¹/³
D. V = 10.8R¹/³S²/³

✅ Answer: C) V = 10.8R²/³S¹/³

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Q57. Deficit of sediments in flowing water causes:

A. Meandering type
B. Aggrading type
C. Degrading type
D. Sub-critical type

✅ Answer: C) Degrading type

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Q58. Side slopes generally kept for canals in loam soil are:

A. 1:1 in cutting and 1.5:1 in filling
B. 1.5:1 in cutting and 2:1 in filling
C. Neither A nor B
D. Both A and B

✅ Answer: D) Both A and B

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Q59. Critical gradient according to Khosla's creep theory:

A. 0
B. 0.25
C. 0.50
D. 1.00

✅ Answer: D) 1.00

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Q60. Combined losses due to evaporation and seepage:

A. (1/50)(B+d)²/³
B. (1/100)(B+d)²/³
C. (1/150)(B+d)²/³
D. (1/200)(B+d)²/³

✅ Answer: D) (1/200)(B+d)²/³

Irrigation Engineering MCQ Questions & Answers | Civil Engineering (Part-3)

Q61. The length of a meander is the distance along the river between the tangent point of one curve to:

A. Reverse curve
B. Next curve of the same order
C. Reverse curve + river width
D. None of these

✅ Answer: B) Next curve of the same order

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Q62. The top of the capillary zone:

A. Lies below water table
B. Lies above water table
C. Coincides with water table
D. None of these

✅ Answer: B) Lies above water table

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Q63. The depth of rice root zone is:

A. 50 cm
B. 60 cm
C. 80 cm
D. 90 cm

✅ Answer: D) 90 cm

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Q64. If irrigation efficiency is 80%, conveyance losses are 20%, and actual depth of watering is 16 cm, depth of water required at canal outlet is:

A. 10 cm
B. 15 cm
C. 20 cm
D. 25 cm

✅ Answer: D) 25 cm

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Q65. In a barrage, crest level is kept:

A. Low with large gates
B. High with large gates
C. High with no gates
D. Low with no gates

✅ Answer: A) Low with large gates

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Q66. An outlet maintaining constant discharge irrespective of fluctuations in water levels is:

A. Non-modular outlet
B. Semi-modular outlet
C. Flexible modular outlet
D. Rigid modular outlet

✅ Answer: D) Rigid modular outlet

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Q67. In a trapezoidal notch fall:

A. Top length of piers ≥ thickness
B. Upstream splay = 45°
C. Downstream splay = 22.5°
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

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Q68. Final formed berms in canals are provided for:

A. Protection against erosion
B. Control seepage losses
C. Strengthening banks
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

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Q69. Process of meandering is due to:

A. Sediment load
B. Hydraulic properties
C. Relative erodibility of bed and banks
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

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Q70. Ratio of rate of change of discharge of outlet to rate of change in water level is:

A. Efficiency
B. Sensitivity
C. Flexibility
D. Modular limit

✅ Answer: B) Sensitivity

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Q71. Ratio of head recovered to head put in is:

A. Efficiency
B. Sensitivity
C. Flexibility
D. Modular limit

✅ Answer: A) Efficiency

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Q72. Width of trapezoidal crest of Sarda fall is:

A. B = 0.22(H+d)
B. B = 0.33(H+d)
C. B = 0.44(H+d)
D. B = 0.55(H+d)

✅ Answer: D) B = 0.55(H+d)

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Q73. Scour depth according to Lacey equation is:

A. D = 0.47(Q/f)
B. D = 0.47(Q/f)½
C. D = 0.47(Q/f)⅓
D. D = 0.47(Q/f)⅔

✅ Answer: C) D = 0.47(Q/f)⅓

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Q74. For crossing conditions at C₁, the preferred structure is:

A. Aqueduct
B. Super-passage
C. Syphon aqueduct
D. None of these

✅ Answer: B) Super-passage

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Q75. When canal and drainage approach each other at same level, structure provided is:

A. Aqueduct
B. Syphon
C. Level crossing
D. Inlet and outlet

✅ Answer: C) Level crossing

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📌 Continue Reading Part-4 (Q76–100)
🏗️ Civil Engineering | SSC JE | GATE | Diploma MCQ Series

Irrigation Engineering MCQ Questions & Answers | Civil Engineering (Part-4)

📘 Important MCQs for SSC JE, GATE, JE, Diploma & Civil Engineering Exams

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Q76. The difference in level between the top of a bank and supply level in a canal is called:

A. Berm
B. Free board
C. Height of bank
D. None of these

✅ Answer: B) Free board

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Q77. If L is total canal length, P is total perimeter of lining and C is cost of lining per square metre, additional expenditure involved is:

A. 100PLC
B. PLC/1000
C. PL/1000C
D. PC/100L

✅ Answer: A) 100PLC

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Q78. Crest level of a canal diversion head work depends upon:

A. F.S.L. of canal
B. Discharge parameters
C. Pond level
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

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Q79. The most suitable location of canal head works is:

A. Boulder stage
B. Delta stage
C. Rock stage
D. Trough stage

✅ Answer: D) Trough stage

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Q80. Length and width of meander vary approximately as:

A. Square root of discharge
B. Discharge
C. Square of discharge
D. Cube of discharge

✅ Answer: A) Square root of discharge

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Q81. A land is said to be waterlogged if:

A. Soil pores up to 40 cm are saturated
B. Soil pores up to 50 cm are saturated
C. Root zone of crops are saturated
D. All the above

✅ Answer: C) Root zone of crops are saturated

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Q82. Lacey's silt factor (f) is:

A. 2V²R
B. 3V²/4R
C. 5V²/2R
D. 2V²/5R

✅ Answer: C) 5V²/2R

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Q83. A counter berm is:

A. Horizontal benching on inside slope
B. Horizontal benching on outside slope
C. Vertical benching on outer edge
D. Vertical benching on inner edge

✅ Answer: B) Horizontal benching on outside slope

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Q84. At site C₃ the structure provided is:

A. Aqueduct
B. Syphon aqueduct
C. Super passage
D. Syphon

✅ Answer: A) Aqueduct

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Q85. Canals constructed for draining waterlogged areas are known as:

A. Drains
B. Inundation canals
C. Valley canals
D. Contour canals

✅ Answer: A) Drains

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Q86. Lacey's regime velocity is proportional to:

A. R½S¾
B. Q¾S⅓
C. R¾S⅓
D. R⅔S½

✅ Answer: C) R¾S⅓

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Q87. A fall in canal bed is generally provided if:

A. Ground slope exceeds designed bed slope
B. Designed bed slope exceeds ground slope
C. Both are same
D. None of these

✅ Answer: A) Ground slope exceeds designed bed slope

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Q88. If straight sides of triangular section of lined canal with circular bottom radius R:

A. R
B. 2R
C. R/2
D. 2R

✅ Answer: D) 2R

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Q89. According to Pickles, confining flood water between levees increases:

A. Rate of flood wave
B. Water surface elevation
C. Maximum discharge
D. Surface slope above levied portion

✅ Answer: D) Surface slope above levied portion

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Q90. F.S.L. of a canal at head with respect to parent channel is kept:

A. Same level
B. 15 cm lower
C. 15 cm higher
D. None of these

✅ Answer: B) 15 cm lower

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📌 Continue Reading Part-5 (Q91–110)
🏗️ Civil Engineering | SSC JE | GATE | Diploma MCQ Series

Irrigation Engineering MCQ Questions & Answers | Civil Engineering (Part-5)

📘 Important MCQs for SSC JE, GATE, JE, Diploma & Civil Engineering Exams

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Q91. The depth of the crest of a scouring sluice below the crest of a head regulator is generally kept:

A. 0.20 m
B. 1.20 m
C. 2.20 m
D. 3.20 m

✅ Answer: B) 1.20 m

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Q92. Bligh's theory of seepage assumes:

A. Equal weightage to horizontal and vertical creep
B. More weightage to horizontal creep
C. Less weightage to horizontal creep
D. Loss of head follows sine curve

✅ Answer: A) Equal weightage to horizontal and vertical creep

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Q93. If D₁ and D₂ are upstream and downstream depths of a hydraulic jump, the head loss is:

A. (D₂-D₁)³/D₁D₂
B. (D₂-D₁)³/2D₁D₂
C. (D₂-D₁)³/3D₁D₂
D. (D₂-D₁)³/4D₁D₂

✅ Answer: D) (D₂-D₁)³/4D₁D₂

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Q94. Garnett's diagrams are used for graphical solution of design equations by:

A. Lacey's theory
B. Kennedy's theory
C. Gibb's theory
D. Lindlay theory

✅ Answer: B) Kennedy's theory

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Q95. King's vanes are provided in a head regulator to:

A. Increase discharge
B. Reduce water level
C. Control silt entry into distributary
D. Increase velocity

✅ Answer: C) Control silt entry into distributary

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Q96. Effective precipitation for a crop is:

A. Total rainfall – evaporation losses
B. Total rainfall – infiltration losses
C. Total rainfall during crop period
D. Available water stored in root zone

✅ Answer: D) Available water stored in root zone

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Q97. In triangular section lined canal with circular bottom, the section value is:

A. R
B. R²
C. R/2
D. 2R²

✅ Answer: D) 2R²

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Q98. Soil state when plants cannot extract sufficient water is:

A. Maximum saturated point
B. Permanent wilting point
C. Ultimate utilization point
D. None of these

✅ Answer: B) Permanent wilting point

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Q99. Useful soil moisture is:

A. Field capacity
B. Saturation capacity
C. Moisture at wilting point
D. Difference between field capacity and permanent wilting point

✅ Answer: D) Difference between field capacity and permanent wilting point

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Q100. Groynes are generally built:

A. Perpendicular to bank
B. Inclined upstream up to 30°
C. Inclined downstream up to 30°
D. All the above

✅ Answer: B) Inclined upstream up to 30°

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Q101. Useful soil moisture for plant growth is:

A. Capillary water
B. Gravity water
C. Hygroscopic water
D. Chemical water

✅ Answer: A) Capillary water

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Q102. Minimum 90 cm free board is provided when canal discharge is:

A. 30–33 cumecs
B. 30–60 cumecs
C. Over 60 cumecs
D. Over 100 cumecs

✅ Answer: C) Over 60 cumecs

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Q103. According to Kennedy, critical velocity is:

A. V₀ = 0.84mD⁰·⁶⁴
B. V₀ = 0.55mD⁰·⁶⁴
C. V₀ = 0.84mD⁰·⁵⁴
D. V₀ = 0.55mD⁰·⁵⁴

✅ Answer: B) V₀ = 0.55mD⁰·⁶⁴

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Q104. Canal constructed for diversion of flood water is:

A. Ridge canal
B. Perennial canal
C. Inundation canal
D. Canal

✅ Answer: C) Inundation canal

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Q105. Lane's weighted creep theory assumes:

A. Equal weightage
B. Double horizontal weightage
C. Triple horizontal weightage
D. Triple vertical weightage and one horizontal weightage

✅ Answer: D) Triple vertical weightage and one horizontal weightage

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📌 Continue Reading Part-6 (Q106–120)
🏗️ Civil Engineering | SSC JE | GATE | Diploma MCQ Series

Irrigation Engineering MCQ Questions & Answers | Civil Engineering (Part-6)

📘 Important MCQs for SSC JE, GATE, JE, Diploma & Civil Engineering Exams

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Q106. Solution of Laplace equation in three dimensions for water flow in a syphon is done by:

A. Analytical method
B. Khosla's method
C. Method of relaxation
D. Unwin's method

✅ Answer: C) Method of relaxation

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Q107. In North Indian plains, optimum depth of kor watering for wheat is:

A. 23.0 cm
B. 19.0 cm
C. 17.5 cm
D. 13.5 cm

✅ Answer: D) 13.5 cm

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Q108. A waterlogged land becomes unsuitable for cultivation due to:

A. Ease of tillage
B. Absence of aeration in root zone
C. Regular water supply through capillary action
D. None of these

✅ Answer: B) Absence of aeration in root zone

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Q109. Attracting groynes are built:

A. Perpendicular to bank
B. Inclined downstream
C. Inclined upstream
D. None of these

✅ Answer: B) Inclined downstream

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Q110. The optimum depth of kor watering for rice crop is:

A. 23.0 cm
B. 19.0 cm
C. 17.5 cm
D. 13.5 cm

✅ Answer: B) 19.0 cm

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Q111. Which statement is correct?

A. Canal and drainage systems are complementary
B. Canal system runs on ridges and spreads water
C. Drainage system collects water and joins main stream
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

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Q112. The most commonly adopted irrigation method for cereal crops is:

A. Free flooding method
B. Check method
C. Furrow method
D. Sprinkler method

✅ Answer: B) Check method

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Q113. In an open venturi flume, maximum flow is:

A. Q = 1.71BD¹/²
B. Q = 1.71BD
C. Q = 1.71BD³/²
D. Q = 1.71BD²/³

✅ Answer: C) Q = 1.71BD³/²

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Q114. Intensity of irrigation means:

A. Percentage of culturable commanded area irrigated annually
B. Percentage of gross commanded area irrigated annually
C. Average of gross and culturable area
D. Total depth supplied by number of waterings

✅ Answer: A) Percentage of culturable commanded area irrigated annually

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Q115. Retrogression of river bed downstream of a weir occurs due to:

A. Heavy impact of water
B. Increase in bed level
C. Less percentage of silt
D. Soft soil strata

✅ Answer: C) Less percentage of silt

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Q116. Meandering of a river generally occurs in:

A. Rocky stage
B. Delta stage
C. Boulder stage
D. Trough stage

✅ Answer: D) Trough stage

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Q117. For designing venturi head:

A. Throat width ≥ one-third bed width
B. Throat length = 2.5 × depth to FSL
C. Minimum throat width ≥ 60 cm
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

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Q118. Extra excavated earth of canals is used to provide spoil banks on:

A. Left side
B. Right side
C. Both sides
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

---

Q119. Approximate permissible velocity in concrete canal should not exceed:

A. 0.5 m/s
B. 1.0 m/s
C. 1.5 m/s
D. 2.0 m/s

✅ Answer: D) 2.0 m/s

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Q120. Lacey's regime condition is obtained if:

A. Silt grade is variable
B. Discharge is variable
C. Silt charge is variable
D. Channel flows in unlimited incoherent alluvium of same character as transported material

✅ Answer: D) Channel flows in unlimited incoherent alluvium of same character as transported material

📌 Continue Reading Part-7 (Q121–138)
🏗️ Civil Engineering | SSC JE | GATE | Diploma MCQ Series

Irrigation Engineering MCQ Questions & Answers | Civil Engineering (Part-7)

📘 Important MCQs for SSC JE, GATE, JE, Diploma & Civil Engineering Exams

---

Q121. A hydraulic jump is generally formed when a stream moving with:

A. Hyper-critical velocity meets critical velocity
B. Hyper-critical velocity meets hyper-critical velocity
C. Hyper-critical velocity meets sub-critical velocity
D. Sub-critical velocity meets hyper-critical velocity

✅ Answer: C) Hyper-critical velocity meets sub-critical velocity

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Q122. Pick up the incorrect statement. Culturable Commanded Area (CCA) is gross area minus:

A. Populated area
B. Alkaline area
C. Forest area
D. Fallow land

✅ Answer: D) Fallow land

💡 Explanation: Fallow land is included under CCA.

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Q123. The downstream expansion head of a guide bank is extended to subtend an angle of:

A. 30°
B. 45°
C. 60°
D. 90°

✅ Answer: B) 45°

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Q124. A fall which maintains its depth is:

A. Trapezoidal notch fall
B. Low weir fall
C. Rectangular notch fall
D. All the above

✅ Answer: D) All the above

---

Q125. A current meter measures flow velocity when held:

A. On water surface
B. At channel bottom
C. At any point within cross-section
D. None of these

✅ Answer: C) At any point within cross-section

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Q126. Width of a meander belt is the transverse distance between:

A. Apex point of one curve and apex point of reverse curve
B. Apex point and crossing
C. Two banks of river
D. None of these

✅ Answer: A) Apex point of one curve and apex point of reverse curve

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Q127. When a canal is carried over a natural drainage, the structure provided is:

A. Syphon
B. Aqueduct
C. Super passage
D. Syphon aqueduct

✅ Answer: B) Aqueduct

---

Q128. For smooth entry of water into a canal, the angle between head regulator and flow is generally:

A. 80°
B. 90°
C. 110°
D. 120°

✅ Answer: C) 110°

---

Q129. In rigid module, the discharge:

A. Is independent of water levels in distributary and watercourse
B. Depends on distributary water level
C. Depends on watercourse level
D. Depends on both levels

✅ Answer: A) Is independent of water levels in distributary and watercourse

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Q130. Best irrigation method for standing crops in undulating sandy fields:

A. Sprinkler irrigation
B. Free flooding
C. Check method
D. Furrow method

✅ Answer: A) Sprinkler irrigation

---

Q131. Saturation gradient in ordinary loam soil is generally:

A. 2:1
B. 3:1
C. 4:1
D. 5:1

✅ Answer: C) 4:1

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Q132. Fundamental momentum equation for hydraulic jump is:

A. Equation A
B. Equation B
C. Equation C
D. Equation D

✅ Answer: B) Equation B

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Q133. Uplift pressure on the roof of an inverted syphon is maximum when:

A. Drain is dry
B. Canal is dry
C. Canal at F.S.L.
D. Drain at H.F.L.

✅ Answer: D) Drain at H.F.L.

---

Q134. Ratio of discharge over trapezoidal crest to rectangular crest of Sarda fall is:

A. 1.084
B. 1.074
C. 1.064
D. 1.054

✅ Answer: A) 1.084

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Q135. Relationship between duty (D) and base period (B):

$\Delta = \frac{8.6B}{D}$

✅ Answer: D) Δ = 8.6B/D

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Q136. Waterlogged field becomes more alkaline and infertile when pH value is:

A. 5
B. 7
C. 9
D. 11

✅ Answer: D) 11

---

Q137. Lacey's silt factor is proportional to:

A. m³
B. m¹/²
C. m¹/³
D. m²/³

✅ Answer: B) m¹/²

---

Q138. Sensitivity of a rigid module is:

A. 2.00
B. 1.50
C. 1.00
D. Zero

✅ Answer: D) Zero

🎯 MCQ Series Complete (Q41–Q138)
🏗️ Civil Engineering | SSC JE | GATE | Diploma | PRAROCKS

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