ESTIMATE OF BUILDINGS
1. What are methods to be adopted for volume calculating?
i)From cross-section
ii) From spot level
iii) From contours
2. Define analysis of rates?
Determination of rates of works from the qualities and cost of materials and labour required is termed as analysis of rates.
3. Define a tender?
Tender is an offer given in writing to execute specified articles or materials at a certain rate, within a fixed time, under certain conditions of agreement between the contractor and the party, which may be a government department or an individual.
4. Define ‘contract’
Contract is merely an agreement being enforceable by law between two persons or parties.
5. What are the types of culvert?
i) Arch culvert
ii) Slab culvert
iii) Pipe culvert
iv) Box culvert
6. What are the methods of estimate?
i)Detailed estimate
ii)Abstract estimate
7. What are the types of estimate?
i) Preliminary Estimate or Rough cost estimate
ii) Plinth area estimate
iii) Cube Rate Estimate or Cubical Content Estimate
iii) Revised Estimate
iv) Approximate Quantity Method Estimate
v)Supplementary Estimate
vi) Detailed Estimate or Item Rate Estimate
vii)Supplementary Estimate and Revised Estimate
viii)Annual Repair or Maintenances Estimate
8. Briefly explain about preliminary Estimate?
The estimate which prepared using any rough method to get the approximate cost construction anticipated in a project is called an approximate or rough estimate. Since this estimate is normally prepared in the preliminary estimate.
9. Estimate the quantities of brickwork and plastering required in a wall 4m long. 3m high and 30cm brick Calculate also the cost if the rate of brickwork is
Rs.32.00 per cu.m. and of plastering is Rs.8.50 per sq.m.
Qualities of brickwork
= L*B*H
= 4m*3m*0.30 m
= 3.6 cu.m
Quantity of plastering (two faces)
= 2*(4m*3m)
= 24 sq.m
Cost of brickwork = 3.6 * 320.00
= Rs.1,152.00
Cost of plastering = 24 * 8.50
= Rs.204.00
Total Cost = 1,152.00 + 204.00
= Rs.1,356.000
10. Define detailed estimate?
The estimate, which provides the item wise quantities of works, item wise unit rates and item wise expenditure anticipated in the project / construction, is called a detailed estimate.
11. Define Abstract estimate?
This is the third and final stage in a detailed estimate. The quantities and rates of each item of work, arrived in the first two stages, are now entered in an abstract form.The total cost of each item of work is now calculated by multiplying the quantities and respective rates
12. Define quantity surveyor?
A qualified or experienced person who does the above mentioned works (taking off, squaring, abstracting and billing) is called a quality surveyor.
13. Write the duties of quality surveyor?
=== Preparing bill of quantities (Taking off, squaring, Abstracting and billing)
===Preparing bills for part payments at intervals during the execution of work.
===Preparing bill of adjustment in the case of variations ordered during the
===execution of work.
=== Giving legal advice in case of court proceedings.
14. Write the essential qualities of a good surveyor.?
i) The quality surveyor must be will versed with the drawings of work.He should be able to read the drawing correctly and bill the qualities accurately.
ii) He should have a through knowledge of the construction procedure to be adopted, the various items of works involved in the execution: and the different materials to be used in the work.
iii) He should be able to prepare schedule to be priced by tenderor.
15. What are the main components of culvert?
1)Abutments
ii) Wing walls
iii)Arch
16. What are factors to be considered in design of septic tank ?
The following factors should be taken into consideration:
Material should be water proof and corrosion resistant.
Natural ventilation provided should be adequate.
A manhole should be provided to permit inspection and cleaning.
Baffles should be limited to one at the inlet and one at the outlet.
The escape of as and sludge to effluent pipe should be avoided.
17. Define Lead?
Lead is the crow flying horizontal distance from the center of borrow pit to the center of the earthwork at site, i.e. center of the area of excavation to the center of placed earth.
18. Define lift ?
Lift is the distance through which the excavated soil is lifted beyond a certain specified depth.
tags
construction estimating,how to estimate construction projects,Building Materials,Estimation,Costin,Material Estimation,
uses of levelling,levelling procedure,levelling surveying methods,principle of levelling,leveling or levelling,surveying levelling calculations,levelling staff,principles of levelling pdf
1. What are methods to be adopted for volume calculating?
i)From cross-section
ii) From spot level
iii) From contours
2. Define analysis of rates?
Determination of rates of works from the qualities and cost of materials and labour required is termed as analysis of rates.
3. Define a tender?
Tender is an offer given in writing to execute specified articles or materials at a certain rate, within a fixed time, under certain conditions of agreement between the contractor and the party, which may be a government department or an individual.
4. Define ‘contract’
Contract is merely an agreement being enforceable by law between two persons or parties.
5. What are the types of culvert?
i) Arch culvert
ii) Slab culvert
iii) Pipe culvert
iv) Box culvert
6. What are the methods of estimate?
i)Detailed estimate
ii)Abstract estimate
7. What are the types of estimate?
i) Preliminary Estimate or Rough cost estimate
ii) Plinth area estimate
iii) Cube Rate Estimate or Cubical Content Estimate
iii) Revised Estimate
iv) Approximate Quantity Method Estimate
v)Supplementary Estimate
vi) Detailed Estimate or Item Rate Estimate
vii)Supplementary Estimate and Revised Estimate
viii)Annual Repair or Maintenances Estimate
8. Briefly explain about preliminary Estimate?
The estimate which prepared using any rough method to get the approximate cost construction anticipated in a project is called an approximate or rough estimate. Since this estimate is normally prepared in the preliminary estimate.
9. Estimate the quantities of brickwork and plastering required in a wall 4m long. 3m high and 30cm brick Calculate also the cost if the rate of brickwork is
Rs.32.00 per cu.m. and of plastering is Rs.8.50 per sq.m.
Qualities of brickwork
= L*B*H
= 4m*3m*0.30 m
= 3.6 cu.m
Quantity of plastering (two faces)
= 2*(4m*3m)
= 24 sq.m
Cost of brickwork = 3.6 * 320.00
= Rs.1,152.00
Cost of plastering = 24 * 8.50
= Rs.204.00
Total Cost = 1,152.00 + 204.00
= Rs.1,356.000
10. Define detailed estimate?
The estimate, which provides the item wise quantities of works, item wise unit rates and item wise expenditure anticipated in the project / construction, is called a detailed estimate.
11. Define Abstract estimate?
This is the third and final stage in a detailed estimate. The quantities and rates of each item of work, arrived in the first two stages, are now entered in an abstract form.The total cost of each item of work is now calculated by multiplying the quantities and respective rates
12. Define quantity surveyor?
A qualified or experienced person who does the above mentioned works (taking off, squaring, abstracting and billing) is called a quality surveyor.
13. Write the duties of quality surveyor?
=== Preparing bill of quantities (Taking off, squaring, Abstracting and billing)
===Preparing bills for part payments at intervals during the execution of work.
===Preparing bill of adjustment in the case of variations ordered during the
===execution of work.
=== Giving legal advice in case of court proceedings.
14. Write the essential qualities of a good surveyor.?
i) The quality surveyor must be will versed with the drawings of work.He should be able to read the drawing correctly and bill the qualities accurately.
ii) He should have a through knowledge of the construction procedure to be adopted, the various items of works involved in the execution: and the different materials to be used in the work.
iii) He should be able to prepare schedule to be priced by tenderor.
15. What are the main components of culvert?
1)Abutments
ii) Wing walls
iii)Arch
16. What are factors to be considered in design of septic tank ?
The following factors should be taken into consideration:
Material should be water proof and corrosion resistant.
Natural ventilation provided should be adequate.
A manhole should be provided to permit inspection and cleaning.
Baffles should be limited to one at the inlet and one at the outlet.
The escape of as and sludge to effluent pipe should be avoided.
17. Define Lead?
Lead is the crow flying horizontal distance from the center of borrow pit to the center of the earthwork at site, i.e. center of the area of excavation to the center of placed earth.
18. Define lift ?
Lift is the distance through which the excavated soil is lifted beyond a certain specified depth.
tags
construction estimating,how to estimate construction projects,Building Materials,Estimation,Costin,Material Estimation,
uses of levelling,levelling procedure,levelling surveying methods,principle of levelling,leveling or levelling,surveying levelling calculations,levelling staff,principles of levelling pdf
