significant properties of soil

Write a short note on the significant properties of soil.

Properties of soil

 The various properties of soil depend on the type of soil, Basically there are two types of soil viz. cohesive soil and cohesion less soil.
Cohesion less soil: This type of soil does not possess any cohesion and its shear strength is due to internal friction only. Sand falls under this category.

•  This soil usually possesses good drainage property and its bearing capacity gets improved by vibration.

•  The phenomenon of consolidation is not observed in this type of soil. This soil has the tendency of undergoing liquefaction.

•  This soil generally has high bearing capacity if properly compacted and long term settlement of footing founded on this soil is not a problem.

•  Undisturbed sampling of this soil is difficult.

Cohesive soil
This soil in addition to internal friction also has cohesion between the particles. Thus shear strength of this soil is due to both internal friction and cohesion between the soil particles.

•  Clay falls under this category.

• This type of soil undergoes consolidation and does not have the tendency for liquefaction.

•  Some of the index properties of cohesive soils are plastic limit, liquid limit, plasticity index, consistency index, shrinkage limit, shrinkage ratio, activity etc.

•  Footing founded on this type of soil has to be checked for long term settlement of soil.

•  Undisturbed sampling of this soil is not so much difficult.

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