Seasoning of Timber

What do you mean by Seasoning of Timber?
 Describe the methods of seasoning timber?

Seasoning of timber:-
The process of drying or reducing the moisture content of timber is called as its seasoning. Water must be removed from the timber before it can be put to any engineering use.



Methods of seasoning timber: There are mainly two methods of seasoning viz. natural seasoning and artificial seasoning.



(i) Natural seasoning: 

Here the seasoning is carried out in natural air. The timber is cut and sawn in suitable sections of planks. These timber pieces are stacked either horizontally or vertically through which free circulation of air is ensured.


Advantages:-

1. The moisture content of timber can be brought down to 10-20% depending on the climatic conditions.

2. Natural seasoning does not require skilled supervision.

3. This method is cheap and easy.


Disadvantages:-

1. The conditions of natural seasoning are difficult to control.

2. The moisture content of timber cannot be brought down to the desired level.

3. The space requirement of natural seasoning is quite large.

4. The drying of timber is not uniform.

5. The rate of seasoning is very small i.e. the process of natural seasoning is very slow.





(ii) Artificial seasoning:-

 In order to overcome the drawbacks of natural seasoning, artificial seasoning is resorted to. The following are some of the methods of artificial seasoning:---



✓ Boiling:
 Here the timber is immersed in water and boiled for about
3-4 hours. It is a quick method but it is costly.

✓Chemical seasoning:
 Here the timber is immersed in a suitable salt
solution and then seasoned in ordinary way. In this method, the inner surface of timber dries up prior to the outer surface and thus possibility of external cracks gets reduced.



✓ Kiln seasoning:
 In this method, the timber is dried in an air-tight oven. Saturated air (with moisture) and which is heated to about 35-380C is then forced inside the oven. Since air is fully saturated with moisture and thus evaporation from the timber surface is not there however the heat gradually reaches inside the timber. This reduces the relative humidity. The temperature is than raised and maintained till the desired level of seasoning has achieved.



✓Electrical seasoning:
 In this method, high frequency alternating current is used. Wet timber offers less resistance to the flow of current but due to the inherent electrical resistance of timber, heat is generated which dries up the timber faster. As the timber goes on drying, resistance keeps on increasing thereby increasing the rate of seasoning process. This method is quite costly.







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answers-
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